Which instrument gives the pilot information about the aircraft's angle of attack?

The correct choice, which is the AOA (Angle of Attack) Indicator, provides the pilot with crucial information regarding the aircraft's angle of attack. The angle of attack is the angle between the chord line of the wing and the direction of the oncoming airflow. This measurement is vital for pilots because it helps determine how close the aircraft is to the critical angle of attack, where stalling can occur. The AOA Indicator visually displays this angle, helping pilots manage the aircraft’s performance effectively, particularly during takeoff, landing, and maneuvers.

Seeing AOA information in real-time enables pilots to make better decisions, such as avoiding stall conditions by ensuring that the angle of attack remains within safe limits. By correlating this data with airspeed and configuration, pilots can optimize lift and control of the aircraft.